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How to convert a file into extra base3/15/2023 ![]() ![]() These are more complicated than you mightĮxpect because different parts of the world write numbers in different Parse_double() is a strict numeric parser, and parse_number() Parsers so I won’t describe them here further. Parse_character() seems so simple that it shouldn’t be necessary. One complication makes it quite important: character encodings. Parse_datetime(), parse_date(), and parse_time() allow you to Parse_factor() create factors, the data structure that R uses to representĬategorical variables with fixed and known values. Parse various date & time specifications. These are the most complicatedīecause there are so many different ways of writing dates. The following sections describe these parsers in more detail.ĬharToRaw ( "Hadley" ) #> 48 61 64 6c 65 79Įach hexadecimal number represents a byte of information: 48 is H, 61 is a, and so on. The mapping from hexadecimal number to character is called the encoding, and in this case the encoding is called ASCII. #How to convert a file into extra base codeĪSCII does a great job of representing English characters, because it’s the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ![]() Things get more complicated for languages other than English. In the early days of computing there were many competing standards for encoding non-English characters, and to correctly interpret a string you needed to know both the values and the encoding. ![]()
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